1 Since there was, for a long time, no human rights catalogue in the founding treaties of the European Union (‘EU’; European Union, Historical Evolution) and the European Community (‘EC’; European [Economic] Community), the creation of fundamental rights of the EU’s legal order was initially an achievement of the case law of the European Court of Justice (‘ECJ’) (European Union, Court of Justice and General Court). Fundamental rights, at the beginning, were basically a judicial concept to balance out the consequences of the supremacy of EC law. In the van Gend &...
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