International environmental law has two overarching and related objectives: (1) the prevention of pollution and health risks from the uncontrolled application of modern technology and science that cross national borders or degrade global commons; and (2) the protection of representative natural systems or areas of ‘nature’ that are deemed to be of global significance from the adverse impacts of human modification. The scientific construct ‘ecosystem’ has profoundly influenced the development of domestic and international ‘nature’ protection programmes, from the...
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