Series Editors’ Preface
From: Treaties on Transit of Energy via Pipelines and Countermeasures
Danae Azaria
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- Preliminary Material
- Series Editors’ Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Note on Citation, Translation, and Method
- Table of Contents
- Table of Cases and their Abbreviations
- Permanent Court of International Justice
- International Court of Justice
- International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and Other Tribunals Under the Convention on the Law of the Sea
- Arbitral Tribunals
- World Trade Organization and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
- Court of Justice of the European Union
- European Court/Commission of Human Rights
- Inter-American Court/Commission of Human Rights
- Other International Tribunals
- National Courts
- Table of Treaties and Other Documents
- Treaties
- UN Security Council Resolutions and Other Documents
- UN General Assembly Resolutions
- UN ECOSOC Documents
- International Law Commission Documents
- 1 On the Law of Treaties
- 2 On the International Responsibility of States
- 3 On the International Responsibility of International Organizations
- 4 On Reservations to Treaties
- 5 On Fragmentation of International Law
- 6 On Treaties in Time/Subsequent Agreements and Subsequent Practice in relation to Treaty Interpretation
- 7 Identification of Customary International Law
- 8 Effects of Armed Conflicts on Treaties
- UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
- Human Rights Committee
- Other UN Documents
- WTO and GATT Documents
- Energy Charter Documents and Preparatory Works
- Energy Community Treaty Documents
- League of Nations Documents
- Barcelona Convention Travaux Preparatoires
- African Union Documents
- Documents of the Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe
- Other Documents
- Domestic Legislation
- List of Abbreviations
- Main Text
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The Historical and Normative Background: ‘Freedom of Transit’ in International Law
- 3 The Scope and Content of Obligations Regarding Transit of Energy
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Taxonomy of Obligations regarding Transit of Energy
- 3 Delineating the Scope of Obligations: the Example of Security Exceptions
- 3.1 Treaties without exceptions
- 3.2 Security exceptions and treaty language intended to displace countermeasures
- 3.2.1 GATT Article XXI
- 3.2.2 ECT Article 24
- 3.2.2.1 The 2002 Croatia-Slovenia oil transit dispute
- 3.2.2.2 Interruption of gas transit to Armenia during the 2008 Georgia-Russia armed conflict
- 3.2.2.3 The 2008 interruption of gas transportation to South Ossetia
- 3.2.2.4 The 2009 Ukraine-Russia gas transit dispute
- 3.2.2.5 The 2010 Belarus-Russia Gas Transit Dispute
- 3.2.3 Bespoke pipeline treaties
- 4 Interim Conclusion
- 4 The Nature of International Obligations Regarding Transit of Energy: from Bilateral to Indivisible Obligations
- 5 Responses to Breaches under the Law of Treaties
- 6 Treaty Provisions Concerning Dispute Settlement and Compliance Supervision
- 7 Countermeasures against the Responsible Transit State
- 8 Countermeasures as Circumstances Precluding Wrongfulness of Transit Interruptions
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Availability of Countermeasures in the Form of Suspending Performance of Obligations regarding Transit of Energy
- 3 Conditions of Lawful Countermeasures in the Form of Suspending Performance of Obligations regarding Transit of Energy
- 4 Interim Conclusion
- 9 General Conclusion
- Further Material
- [18.204.42.98]
- 18.204.42.98
