Terrorism is more than a criminal act or acts. It is directed at civilians and against the very fabric of society more generally, and its essence can be captured (though not fully defined) by the idea of ‘violence intended to spread terror’.1 Terrorist blows followed by establishment counter-blows often lead to an escalating cycle of violence that is very difficult to break.2 Terrorism and counter-terrorism thereby become endemic, thus making it difficult to eradicate terrorism completely even though peace may appear in some instances to have been achieved, either...
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