The International Court of Justice (ICJ) was established in 1945 and is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. Seated in the Peace Palace in The Hague, the ICJ hands down judgments in contentious cases (the settlement of international disputes submitted by one sovereign state against another) and advisory opinions on legal issues referred to it by the UN advisory proceedings. The Court's case law is hugely influential in how international law is interpreted and understood. ICJ held its inaugural public sitting in April 1946, with the first case (Corfu Channel, United Kingdom v. Albania), submitted to the court on 22 May 1947. Between 22 May 1947 and 1 July 2019, 177 cases have entered the ICJ’s General List.
To celebrate the publication of the third edition of The Statute of the International Court of Justice: A Commentary, we have put together a collection of articles and chapters exploring the background, composition, and proceedings of the Court, as well as a selection of expert commentary on contentious cases and advisory opinions, which showcase the ICJ’s important, and often controversial, contribution to the development of international law.
All content is free to read until 31 October 2019.
About the Court
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International Court of Justice (ICJ)
The Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
Organization of the Court, Article 2
The Statute of the International Court of Justice: A Commentary (3rd Edition), edited by Andreas Zimmermann, Christian J. Tams, Karin Oellers-Frahm, and Christian Tomuschat, 2019
Statute of the International Court of Justice
The Charter of the United Nations: A Commentary (3rd Edition), edited by Bruno Simma, Daniel-Erasmus Khan, Georg Nolte, Andreas Paulus, and Nikolai Wessendorf (Assistant Editor), 2012
Statute of the International Court of Justice, 18th April 1946
Oxford International Organizations
The Court: Principal Judicial Organ of the United Nations
The International Court of Justice, Hugh Thirlway, 2016
International Court of Justice, Rules and Practice Directions
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
International Court of Justice, Optional Clause
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
Advisory Opinions
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
Bringing States to Justice for Crimes against Humanity: The Compromissory Clause in the International Law Commission Draft Convention on Crimes against Humanity
Journal of International Criminal Justice
Finding ‘the Most Highly Qualified Publicists’: Lessons from the International Court of Justice
European Journal of International Law
The Growing Complexity of the International Court of Justice’s Self-Citation Network
International Journal of International Law
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The Role of the ICJ
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Judicial Settlement of International Disputes
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
Adjudication Within the United Nations System: The International Court of Justice
Oppenheim's International Law: United Nations, Rosalyn Higgins, Philippa Webb, Dapo Akande, Sandesh Sivakumaran, and James Sloan, 2017
Dispute Settlement and the International Court of Justice
Problems and Process: International Law and How We Use It, Rosalyn Higgins, 1995
The International Court of Justice
Satow's Diplomatic Practice (7th Edition), edited by Sir Ivor Roberts, 2016
The Contribution of the International Court of Justice to the Law of the Sea
The IMLI Manual on International Maritime Law: Volume I: The Law of the Sea, edited by David J Attard, Malgosia Fitzmaurice, and Norman A Martínez Gutiérrez, 2014
The Kosovo Specialist Chambers from a Political Realism Perspective
The International Journal of Transitional Justice
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Contentious Cases and Advisory Opinions
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Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo, Advisory opinion, 22nd July 2010
Oxford International Organizations
Avena and Other Mexican Nationals Case (Mexico v United States of America)
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
Competence of the General Assembly for the Admission of a State to the United Nations, 3rd March 1950
Oxford International Organizations
Dutch Criminal Justice for Ethiopian War Crimes: The Alemu Case
Journal of International Criminal Justice
Jurisdictional Immunities of the State (Germany v Italy, Greece Intervening)
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
Legality of the use by a state of nuclear weapons in armed conflict, Advisory opinion, 8th July 1996
Oxford International Organizations
Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua, Nicaragua v United States of America, Merits, 27th June 1986
Oxford International Organizations
Peru v. Chile (Judgment of the International Court of Justice, 27 January 2014)
A Practitioner’s Guide to Maritime Boundary Delimitation, Stephen Fietta and Robin Cleverly, 2016
Questions Relating to the Seizure and Detention of Certain Documents and Data (Timor-Leste v Australia)
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
Whaling in the Antarctic, Australia and New Zealand (intervening) v Japan, 31st March 2014
Oxford International Organizations
Yugoslavia, Cases and Proceedings before the ICJ
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law
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Further Reading
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The Statute of the International Court of Justice: A Commentary Third Edition
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The International Court of Justice
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The Charter of the United Nations: A Commentary
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Oppenheim's International Law: United Nations
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The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Treaties
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Documents on the Law of UN Peace Operations
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The United Nations Convention Against Torture: A Commentary, Second Edition
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The International Court of Justice and the Judicial Function
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