Jump to Content Jump to Main Navigation

Rwandan Genocide: 25th Anniversary Resources

 

April 7th 2019 marks 25 years since the outbreak of the genocide in Rwanda, during which 800,000 to one million people were systematically killed in the span of 100 days. For the 100-day anniversary period (ending 16 July 2019) we have made materials relating to the Rwandan Genocide and its impact on the international framework of law and tribunals publicly available to read and share. This includes background and historical information on the genocide, legal definitions of the crimes committed, and case reports on the prosecutions.

The content listed below is taken from Oxford Scholarship Online, the Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Oxford International Organizations, and Oxford Reports on International Law.

 

History and Background

Rwanda

A Short History of the Rwandan Genocide and its Aftermath
from Rwanda's Gacaca Courts: Between Retribution and Reparation

The Historical Development of Crimes against Humanity and Jurisprudence of the Rwanda, Former Yugoslavia, and Sierra Leone Tribunals
from Organizing Rebellion

International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

Gacaca Courts

United Nations Security Council Resolution 955 (1994)
on the establishment of an International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and adoption of the Statute of the Tribunal, 8th November 1994

Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

Article 4: The Right to Life and Integrity of the Person
from The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights: A Commentary

The Crimes (Back to top)

Genocide

Crimes Against Humanity

Ethnic Cleansing

Militias

The Prosecutions (Back to top)

Prosecutor v Akayesu (Jean-Paul)

Akayesu Case
from Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law

Prosecutor v Bagilishema (Ignace)

Prosecutor v Bagaragaza (Michel)

Military I (Bagosora and Others) Case

Listening to the Trial of Simon Bikindi
from Acoustic Jurisprudence: Listening to the Trial of Simon Bikindi

Prosecutor v Kambanda (Jean)

Prosecutor v Kanyabashi (Joseph)

Prosecutor v Karemera (Édouard)

Prosecutor v Musema (Alfred)

Prosecutor v Munyakazi (Yussuf)

Media Case, Prosecutor v Nahimana (Ferdinand)

Nahimana and Others Case
from Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law

Prosecutor v Ngirabatware (Augustin)

Butare, Prosecutor v Nyiramasuhuko (Pauline)

Prosecutor v Semanza (Laurent)

Further Reading (Back to top)

The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights

The International Criminal Court and Africa

Courts in Conflict: Interpreting the Layers of Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda

Perpetrators of International Crimes: Theories, Methods, and Evidence

Acoustic Jurisprudence: Listening to the Trial of Simon Bikindi

The Regional Law of Refugee Protection in Africa

Organizing Rebellion: Non-State Armed Groups under International Humanitarian Law, Human Rights Law, and International Criminal Law

International Crimes: Law and Practice, Volume I: Genocide