Footnotes:
1 cf above all, Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (12 August 1949) 75 UNTS 135 (Third Geneva Convention) Art 126 and Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (12 August 1949) 75 UNTS 287 (Fourth Geneva Convention) Art 143; cf eg Philippe de Sinner and Hernan Reyes, ‘Activitès du CICR en matière de visites aux personnes privées de liberté: une contribution à la lutte contre la torture’ in Antonio Cassese (ed), The International Fight against Torture—La Lutte Internationale Contre La Torture (Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft 1991) 153; Francis Amar and Hans-Peter Gasser, ‘La contribution du Comité international de la Croix-Rouge à la lutte contre la torture: Les visites du CICR aux personnes privées de liberté en situation de troubles et tensions internes: objectifs et méthodes’ (1989) 775 CICR 28; Francis Amar, ‘Problems Raised by Visits to Places of Detention: Objectives and Working Methods of the ICRC in Internal Disturbances and Tensions, Strasbourg Seminar on the Implementation of the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture’ (1989) 10 HRLJ 165; see also Ursula Kriebaum, Folterprävention in Europa: Die Europäische Konvention zur Verhütung von Folter und unmenschlicher oder erniedrigender Behandlung oder Bestrafung (Verlag Österreich 2000) 219ff.
2 See above Introduction CAT.
3 On the relationship between the ICRC and the CPT see eg Kriebaum (n 1) 219ff.
4 Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment submitted by Costa Rica [1980] UN Doc E/CN.4/1409.
5 Letter dated 15 January 1991 from the Permanent Representative of Costa Rica to the United Nations at Geneva addressed to the Under-Secretary-General for Human Rights [1991] UN Doc E/CN.4/1991/66.
6 Report of the Working Group on the Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment on its fourth session [1995] UN Doc E/CN.4/1996/28, Annex I; see also Report of the Working Group on the Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment [1993] UN Doc E/CN.4/1994/25, Annex. Later drafts contain similar or identical provisions: cf Report of the Working Group on the Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment on its eighth session [1999] UN Doc E/CN.4/2000/58, Annex II, Art 11; Report of the Working Group on a Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment on its ninth session [2001] UN Doc E/CN.4/2001/67, Annex I (the Mexican Draft) Art 19; Annex II (the EU Draft) Art 12; Report of the Working Group on a Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment on its tenth session [2002] UN Doc E/CN.4/2002/78, Annex II E (the US Draft) Art 10; Report of the Working Group on a Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment on its tenth session [2002] UN Doc E/CN.4/2002/78, Annex I (Proposal by the Chairperson-Rapporteur) Art 32.
7 Report of the Working Group on a Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment [1992] UN Doc E/CN.4/1993/28, para 99.
8 Report of the working group on the Draft Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment on its fifth session [1996] UN Doc E/CN.4/1997/33, para 21.
9 E/CN.4/2001/67 (n 6) Annex I.
11 E/CN.4/2002/78 (n 6) Annex II E.
13 cf Kriebaum (n 1) 220, with further references.
14 On the mission to Albania in December 1997 and a certain lack of cooperation between the CPT and ICRC see Kriebaum (n 1) 222. On the nine missions to the Chechen Republic see the following three public statements: CPT, ‘Public Statement Concerning the Chechen Republic of the Russian Federation’, CPT/Inf. (2001) 15 of 10 July 2001, CPT/Inf (2003) 33 of 10 July 2003 and CPT/Inf (2007) 17 of 13 March 2007. On the mission to Azerbaijan in 2002 see CPT, ‘Report to the Azerbaijani Government on the Visit to Azerbaijan carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment’, CPT/Inf (2004) 36 of 7 December 2004. Since the Government of Turkey steadily denied the existence of an armed conflict with the PKK, it refused the ICRC the permission to visit the conflict region and places of detention.
15 cf Edouard Delaplace and Matt Pollard, ‘Visits by Human Rights Mechanisms as a Means of Great Protection for Persons Deprived of Their Liberty’ (2005) 857 IRRC 69, 75.