It is long established in legal theory that an international frontier divides the spatial extent of adjacent States ab inferis ad coelum, that is to say not merely on the earth’s surface but below it, and above it so as to divide the airspace.222 The Chamber of the Court seised of the Frontier Dispute between Benin and Niger had occasion to apply this principle in unusual circumstances, in order to determine sovereignty over jointly-owned bridges crossing a river that constituted an international boundary (see Section 4 below). As the Permanent Court recalled in...
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