By World War II, airpower had become a defining element of warfare. In that conflict, the Battle of Britain saved the United Kingdom from invasion, General Doolittle’s daring raid made possible the first blow against the Japanese mainland, and the retaking of territory conquered by Germany and Japan would not have been possible but for Allied air superiority. Yet airpower also subjected civilian populations on both sides of the conflict to horrendous suffering in such operations as the ‘Blitz’, the fire-bombing of Dresden, and the dropping of atomic bombs on...
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