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Oxford Law Citator
Contents
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Preliminary Material
Acknowledgements
Contents
Table of Cases
African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (AComHPR)
Belgium
Canada
Chile
Committee Against Torture (CAT)
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)
European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)
Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC)
France
Guatemala
Human Rights Chamber for Bosnia and Herzegovina (HRCBiH)
Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR)
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
International Criminal Court (ICC)
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg (IMT)
Jerusalem
Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ)
Republic of Liberia
Russia
South Africa
Spain
Special Court for Sierra Leone (SCSL)
Uganda
UN Human Rights Committee (UNHRC)
United Kingdom
United States of America
Table of Legislation
National Instruments
Algeria
Australia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brazil
Canada
Colombia
Germany
Ghana
Guatemala
Ireland
Kenya
Latvia
Liberia
Libya
Mauritius
Mexico
Netherlands
Peru
Sierra Leone
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Tunisia
Uganda
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
International Instruments
List of Contributors
Main Text
Prologue
Introduction
Preliminary Material
A Drafting the Principles: A Short History
B Cosmopolitan Ethics and Fighting Impunity
C Anti-Impunity and International Law
D General Structure and Organization of the Principles
E Aims and Scope of This Commentary
F Concluding Remarks: Debating Anti-impunity
Preamble
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
I Functions and characteristics of a Preamble
1
II The Report of Special Rapporteur Louis Joinet
2
III The Updated Set of Principles and the evolving notion of ‘transitional justice’
3
4
IV The campaign against impunity
5
V The orientation and scope of the Principles, including the Preamble, in the broader settings of restoring peace and democracy
6
7
C Normative and Theoretical Framework
I The basic pledge in the UN Charter
8
9
II The trilogy of core rights
10
11
III The interest of victims
12
D The Status of the Preamble and the Principles
I Guidelines to assist states and other entities
13
II Comparison with the Preamble to the UN Reparation Principles: a critical note
14
III Lack of coherence, consistency, and overall coordination in standard-setting processes
15
16
E Some Concluding Remarks
17
18
19
20
Definitions
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Introduction
1
2
C Definitions
I Impunity
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
II Serious crimes under international law
10
11
12
III Restoration of or transition to democracy and/or peace
13
14
15
IV Truth commissions
16
17
V Archives
18
19
D Conclusions
20
Bibliography
Part I Combating Impunity: General Obligations
Principle 1 General Obligations of States to Take Effective Action to Combat Impunity
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
C Theoretical Framework
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
D Practice
10
11
12
13
14
E Critical Assessment
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Bibliography
Part II The Right to Know
A General Principles
Principle 2 The Inalienable Right to the Truth
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
C Theoretical Framework
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
D Practice
20
21
22
23
24
I Human rights instruments
25
26
27
28
29
30
II Ad hoc tribunals
31
32
III International Criminal Court
33
IV Archives
34
E Critical Assessment
35
36
Bibliography
Principle 3 The Duty to Preserve Memory
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
I UN norm setting: reparations
5
II Transitional justice and the ‘duty to preserve memory’
6
7
8
D Practice
I Case law
9
10
11
II Truth commissions
12
13
14
15
E Critical Assessment
16
17
18
19
20
Bibliography
Principle 4 The Victims’ Right to Know
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
C Theoretical Framework
5
6
7
8
D Practice
9
I The ICRC and the ICMP
10
11
12
II Human rights mechanisms
13
14
15
16
III Truth commissions and other transitional justice mechanisms
17
18
IV International criminal justice mechanisms
19
E Critical Assessment
20
21
22
Bibliography
Principle 5 Guarantees to Give Effect to the Right to Know
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
C Theoretical Framework
7
8
9
10
11
D Practice
12
13
14
15
16
E Critical Assessment
17
18
19
20
Bibliography
B Commissions of Inquiry
Principle 6 The Establishment and Role of Truth Commissions
Preliminary Material
Introduction
I Paragraph 1 of Principle 6
A Summary of findings
1
2
B Historical and contextual background
3
4
5
6
7
C Theoretical framework
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
D Practice
17
18
19
20
21
22
E Critical assessment
23
24
25
II Paragraph 2 of Principle 6
A Summary of findings
26
27
B Historical and contextual background
28
29
30
31
32
33
C Theoretical framework
34
35
D Practice
36
37
38
39
40
E Critical assessment
41
42
Bibliography
Principle 7 Guarantees of Independence, Impartiality, and Competence
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
I Paragraph (a) of Principle 7
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
II Paragraph (b) of Principle 7
16
17
III Paragraph (c) of Principle 7
18
C Theoretical Framework
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
D Practice
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
E Critical Assessment
38
39
40
Bibliography
Principle 8 Definition of a Commission’s Terms of Reference
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
C Theoretical Framework
3
4
5
6
D Practice
7
8
9
10
11
12
E Critical Assessment
13
14
15
16
Bibliography
Principle 9 Guarantees for Persons Implicated
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
C Theoretical Framework
3
4
D Practice
5
6
7
8
9
10
E Critical Assessment
11
12
Bibliography
Principle 10 Guarantees for Victims and Witnesses Testifying on Their Behalf
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
C Theoretical Framework
3
4
D Practice
5
6
7
8
9
E Critical Assessment
10
11
Selected Bibliography
Principle 11 Adequate Resources for Commissions
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
I Competent authorities
5
II Explicit duty
6
7
III Funding principles
8
9
IV Political will
10
11
12
13
D Practice
14
I Costly exercise
15
16
17
II Impact of inadequate resources
18
19
20
21
III Sources of funding
22
23
IV Transparency
24
E Critical Assessment
25
26
27
28
Bibliography
Principle 12 Advisory Functions of the Commissions
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
C Theoretical Framework
7
8
9
10
D Practice
11
12
13
14
15
16
E Critical Assessment
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Bibliography
Principle 13 Publicizing the Commission’s Reports
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
C Theoretical Framework
I Overview of normative dimensions
3
II Confidential portions of an inquiry
4
5
III Full publication and wide dissemination
6
7
8
D Practice
I Confidential portions of an inquiry
9
10
11
12
II Full publication
13
14
15
16
III Wide dissemination
17
18
19
E Critical Assessment
20
21
22
Bibliography
C Preservation of and Access to Archives Bearing Witness to Violations
Principle 14 Measures for the Preservation of Archives
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
C Theoretical Framework
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
D Practice
17
18
19
20
21
22
E Critical Assessment
23
24
25
26
Bibliography
Principle 15 Measures for Facilitating Access to Archives
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
5
6
7
8
9
D Practice
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
E Critical Assessment
20
21
22
Bibliography
Principle 16 Cooperation Between Archive Departments and the Courts and Non-Judicial Commissions of Inquiry
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
5
6
7
8
D Practice
I Access to archival materials
9
10
11
12
II Privacy protections
13
14
15
E Critical Assessment
16
17
Bibliography
Principle 17 Specific Measures Relating to Archives Containing Names
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
C Theoretical Framework
8
9
10
11
12
13
D Practice
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
E Critical Assessment
21
22
23
24
25
26
Bibliography
Principle 18 Specific Measures Related to the Restoration of or Transition to Democracy and/or Peace
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Background
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
I Responsible archival agencies
5
II Special attention to detention centres and other sites of serious violations
6
II Third-country cooperation
7
8
D Practice
I Responsible archival agencies
9
10
II Special attention to detention centres and other sites of serious violations
11
III Third-country cooperation
12
13
E Critical Assessment
14
15
Bibliography
Part III The Right to Justice
A General Principles
Principle 19 Duties of States with Regard to the Administration of Justice
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
C Theoretical Framework
I Duty to prosecute
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
II Victim participation
13
14
15
16
D Practice
17
18
19
20
21
E Critical Assessment
22
23
Bibliography
B Distribution of Jurisdiction between National, Foreign, International, and Internationalized Courts
Principle 20 Jurisdiction of International and Internationalized Criminal Tribunals
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
D Practice
11
12
13
14
15
16
E Critical Assessment
17
18
Bibliography
Principle 21 Measures for Strengthening the Effectiveness of International Legal Principles Concerning Universal and International Jurisdiction
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
C Theoretical Framework
I The definition and scope of ‘universal jurisdiction’
7
8
9
10
II The principle aut dedere aut judicare
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
III Transferring the suspect to an international or an internationalized criminal court or tribunal
21
22
23
24
D Practice
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
E Critical Assessment
33
34
35
36
Bibliography
C Restrictions on Rules of Law Justified By Action to Combat Impunity
Principle 22 Nature of Restrictive Measures
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
C Theoretical Framework
6
7
8
9
D Practice
10
11
E Critical Assessment
12
13
14
Bibliography
Principle 23 Restrictions on Prescription
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
5
6
7
D Practice
I Multilateral treaties
8
9
10
11
12
13
II Domestic legislation and case law
14
15
16
III The practice of UN organs
17
18
E Critical Assessment
19
20
21
Bibliography
Principle 24 Restrictions and Other Measures Relating to Amnesty
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
C Theoretical Framework
7
I Amnesty and the obligation to prosecute
8
9
10
11
12
13
II Amnesty and the right to remedy
14
15
16
17
18
III Amnesties in international criminal law
i Amnesties before international criminal tribunals
19
ii Impact of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
20
21
IV The right to refuse amnesty
22
23
D Practice
24
25
26
27
E Critical Assessment
28
29
30
31
32
Bibliography
Principle 25 Restrictions on the Right of Asylum
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
C Theoretical Framework
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
D Practice
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
E Critical Assessment
22
23
24
Bibliography
Principle 26 Restrictions on Extradition/Non Bis in Idem
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
C Theoretical Framework
7
8
9
D Practice
I Bars to extradition
10
11
12
13
14
II Limitations to ne bis in idem
15
16
17
18
19
20
E Critical Assessment
21
22
23
24
Bibliography
Principle 27 Restrictions on Justifications Related to Due Obedience, Superior Responsibility, and Official Status
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
I Due obedience (superior orders)
II Superior responsibility
III Official status
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
I Due obedience (superior orders)
1
2
3
II Superior responsibility
4
5
6
III Official status
7
8
C Theoretical Framework
I Due obedience (superior orders)
9
10
11
12
13
14
II Superior responsibility
15
16
i Superior–subordinate relationship
17
ii Actual or constructive knowledge
18
iii Failure to prevent or punish
19
a The duty to prevent
20
b The duty to punish
21
III Official status
22
23
24
25
26
D Practice
I Due obedience (superior orders)
27
28
29
II Superior responsibility
30
III Official status
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
E Critical Assessment
I Due obedience (superior orders)
41
42
43
II Superior responsibility
44
45
46
47
III Official status
48
49
50
Bibliography
Principle 28 Restrictions on the Effects of Legislation on Disclosure or Repentance
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
C Theoretical Framework
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
D Practice
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
E Critical Assessment
25
26
27
28
29
Bibliography
Principle 29 Restrictions on the Jurisdiction of Military Courts
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
C Theoretical Framework
7
8
9
10
D Practice
11
12
13
14
15
E Critical Assessment
16
Bibliography
Principle 30 Restrictions on the Principle of the Irremovability of Judges
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
C Theoretical Framework
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
D Practice
15
16
17
18
19
E Critical Assessment
20
21
22
23
Bibliography
Part IV The Right to Reparation/Guarantees of Non-Recurrence
A The Right to Reparation
Principle 31 Rights and Duties Arising Out of the Obligation to Make Reparation
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
C Theoretical Framework
5
I Reparation as a right
6
7
8
II Reparation in human rights treaties
9
10
11
12
13
III A customary right to reparation?
14
15
IV Why reparation?
16
17
V Whose rights? Whose duties?
18
19
20
21
22
V Reparation and mass violations
23
24
25
D Practice
26
I The right to reparation in international human rights practice
27
28
29
30
II Who is a victim?
31
32
33
III Seeking redress from the perpetrator
34
35
IV Mass violations as a challenge to human rights complaints systems
36
37
E Critical Assessment
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
Bibliography
Principle 32 Reparation Procedures
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
C Theoretical Framework
5
6
I The right to access remedial procedures
7
8
9
10
11
12
II National reparation programmes
13
14
15
16
III Access to international and regional procedures
17
18
19
20
D Practice
21
22
23
24
25
26
E Critical Assessment
27
28
29
Bibiliography
Principle 33 Publicizing Reparation Procedures
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
C Theoretical Framework
2
3
D Practice
4
5
I United Nations guidelines and principles
6
7
8
9
10
II International mass claims processes
11
12
13
14
III International courts, commissions, and committees
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
IV Country-specific practice
23
24
25
E Critical Assessment
26
27
28
Bibliography
Principle 34 Scope of the Right to Reparation
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
I The right to reparation
4
i Restitution
5
6
7
8
ii Compensation
9
10
11
12
13
14
iii Rehabilitation and satisfaction
15
16
17
18
II Right to know and to recover mortal remains in cases of forced disappearance
19
20
D Practice
I Restitution
i Rights
21
ii Assets
22
iii Children
23
iv Employment
24
II Compensation
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
III Rehabilitation
32
33
IV Satisfaction
34
35
V Mortal remains
36
E Critical Assessment
37
38
39
40
Bibliography
B Guarantees of Non-Recurrence of Violations
Principle 35 General Principles
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
5
6
7
8
9
D Practice
10
11
12
13
E Critical Assessment
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Bibliography
Principle 36 Reform of State Institutions
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
4
5
6
C Theoretical Framework
7
8
9
10
D Practice
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
E Critical Assessment
18
19
20
21
Bibliography
Principle 37 Disbandment of Parastatal Armed Forces/Demobilization and Social Reintegration of Children
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
5
6
7
8
9
D Practice
10
11
E Critical Assessment
12
13
Bibliography
Principle 38 Reform of Laws and Institutions Contributing to Impunity
Preliminary Material
A Summary of Findings
B Contextual and Historical Introduction
1
2
3
C Theoretical Framework
4
5
6
7
8
D Practice
9
10
11
12
13
14
E Critical Assessment
15
16
17
18
Bibliography
Further Material
Index
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Table of Legislation
Frank Haldemann, Thomas Unger, Valentina Cadelo
From:
The United Nations Principles to Combat Impunity: A Commentary
Edited By: Frank Haldemann, Thomas Unger
Content type:
Book content
Product:
Oxford Scholarly Authorities on International Law [OSAIL]
Series:
Oxford Commentaries on International Law
Published in print:
22 March 2018
ISBN:
9780198743606
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