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Oxford Law Citator
Contents
Expand All
Collapse All
Preliminary Material
Acknowledgements
Contents
Table of Cases
International
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
International Criminal Court
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
Permanent Court of Arbitration
Permanent Court of International Justice
Special Court for Sierra Leone
UN Committee Against Torture
Regional
European Commission of Human Rights (ECommHR)
European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)
National
United Kingdom
United States of America
Table of Treaties and Other Legal Instruments
International
Regional
National Instruments
Australia
Germany
Iran
Malta
Sweden
United States of America
United Kingdom
United Nations Resolutions
ECOSOC
General Assembly
Human Rights Council
Security Council
Notes on Contributors
Main Text
Introduction
Preliminary Material
The Context for an Arms Trade Treaty
The Historical Precedents to the Arms Trade Treaty
The Rationale for a Global Arms Trade Treaty
The Negotiation of the Arms Trade Treaty
The Title of the Treaty
Preliminary Material
Overview
0.01
Commentary
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
The Preamble
Preliminary Material
Overview
0.08
0.09
Preparatory Discussions
0.10
Negotiations
0.11
Commentary
The States Parties
0.12
First Preambular Paragraph: The Purposes and Principles of the UN Charter
0.13
0.14
0.15
Second Preambular Paragraph: Promoting International Peace and Security with Least Diversion for Arms of the World’s Human and Economic Resources
0.16
0.17
Third Preambular Paragraph: The Need to Tackle Illicit Trade in Conventional Arms and Prevent Diversion and Unauthorized End Use and End Users
0.18
0.19
0.20
0.21
Fourth Preambular Paragraph: The Legitimate Interests of Any State in the International Trade in Conventional Arms
0.22
Fifth Preambular Paragraph: The Sovereign Right of States to Regulate Conventional Arms within its Territory
0.23
Sixth Preambular Paragraph: Peace and Security, Development, and Human Rights
0.24
0.25
0.26
Seventh Preambular Paragraph: The UN Disarmament Commission Guidelines for International Arms Transfers
0.27
0.28
Eighth Preambular Paragraph: The UN Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons, the 2001 Firearms Protocol, and the International Tracing Instrument
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.32
0.33
Ninth Preambular Paragraph: The Consequences of the Illicit and Unregulated Trade in Conventional Arms
0.34
Tenth Preambular Paragraph: The Impact of Armed Conflict and Armed Violence on Civilians
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.38
0.39
Eleventh Preambular Paragraph: The Challenges for Victims of Armed Conflict and their Needs
0.40
Twelfth Preambular Paragraph: The Possibility for Additional Effective Measures to Further the Treaty’s Object and Purpose
0.41
Thirteenth Preambular Paragraph: The Legitimate Trade and Lawful Ownership and Use of Certain Conventional Arms
0.42
0.43
Fourteenth Preambular Paragraph: The Role of Regional Organizations in Supporting Treaty Implementation
0.44
Fifteenth Preambular Paragraph: The Role of Civil Society and Industry in Supporting Treaty Implementation
0.45
0.46
0.47
Sixteenth Preambular Paragraph: International Co-operation and Legitimate Trade for Peaceful Purposes
0.48
Seventeenth Preambular Paragraph: The Desirability of Universal Adherence to the Treaty
0.49
0.50
Eighteenth Preambular Paragraph: Determination to Act in Accordance with Specified Principles
0.51
The Principles
Preliminary Material
Overview
0.52
0.53
Preparatory Discussions
0.54
0.55
Negotiations
0.56
0.57
Commentary
Principle 1: The Right of States to Self-Defence
0.58
0.59
Principle 2: The Settlement of International Disputes by Peaceful Means
0.60
0.61
Principle 3: Refraining from the Threat or Use of Force against the Territorial Integrity or Political Independence of Any State
0.62
Principle 4: Non-Intervention in Matters Essentially within the Domestic Jurisdiction of a State
0.63
0.64
Principle 5: Respecting and Ensuring Respect for International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights
0.65
0.66
0.67
Principle 6: The Responsibility of States to Regulate International Trade in Conventional Arms and Prevent Diversion and to Establish National Control Systems
0.68
0.69
0.70
Principle 7: Respect for the Interests of States to Acquire, Produce, Export, Import, and Transfer Conventional Arms
0.71
Principle 8: Implementation of the ATT in a Consistent, Objective, and Non-Discriminatory Manner
0.72
0.73
Art.1 Object and Purpose
Preliminary Material
Overview
1.01
1.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
1.03
1.04
1.05
Preparatory Discussions
1.06
1.07
1.08
Negotiations
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
Commentary
1.15
1.16
1.17
The Object of the Treaty
1.18
Establish the Highest Possible Common International Standards
1.19
1.20
1.21
Regulate or Improve the Regulation of International Trade in Conventional Arms
1.22
1.23
1.24
Prevent and Eradicate the Illicit Trade
1.25
1.26
1.27
1.28
1.29
1.30
1.31
Prevent Diversion
1.32
1.33
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.37
1.38
The Purpose of the Treaty
1.39
Contribute to International and Regional Peace, Security, and Stability
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.43
1.44
1.45
Reduce Human Suffering
1.46
1.47
1.48
1.49
Promote Co-operation, Transparency, and Responsible Action in the Arms Trade
1.50
1.51
1.52
1.53
1.54
1.55
1.56
Build Confidence
1.57
1.58
1.59
Art.2 Scope
Preliminary Material
Overview
2.01
2.02
2.03
Relationship to Other Provisions
2.04
2.05
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
2.06
2.07
Paragraph 1
2.08
Article 2(1)(a)–(g).
2.09
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
Article 2(1)(h).
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
Paragraph 2
2.19
2.20
Leases, loans, and gifts.
2.21
The definition of ‘transfer’.
2.22
2.23
Paragraph 3
2.24
2.25
2.26
2.27
2.28
Commentary
Paragraph 1
2.29
2.30
2.31
2.32
2.33
2.34
2.35
2.36
2.37
Battle Tanks
2.38
Tracked or Wheeled
2.39
Self-Propelled
2.40
Armoured Fighting Vehicle
2.41
Cross-Country Mobility
2.42
Self-Protection
2.43
Unladen Weight
2.44
High Muzzle Velocity
2.45
Direct Fire Main Gun
2.46
Analysis
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
Indicative List of Types/Models Covered by the UNROCA Description
2.51
Indicative List of Types/Models not Covered by the UN Register Description
2.52
Armoured Combat Vehicles
2.53
Tracked, Semi-Tracked, or Wheeled
2.54
Self-Propelled
2.55
Armoured Fighting Vehicle
2.56
Cross-Country Mobility
2.57
Integral or Organic Weapon
2.58
Missile Launcher
2.59
Analysis
2.60
2.61
2.62
2.63
2.64
2.65
2.66
Indicative List of Types/Models Covered by the UNROCA Description
2.67
2.68
Indicative List of Types/Models not Covered by the UNROCA Description
2.69
2.70
2.71
2.72
2.73
Large-Calibre Artillery Systems
2.74
Guns
2.75
Howitzers
2.76
Artillery Pieces Combining the Characteristics of Guns and Howitzers
2.77
Mortars
2.78
Multiple-Launch Rocket Systems (MLRS)
2.79
Surface Targets
2.80
Indirect Fire
2.81
Calibre
2.82
Analysis
2.83
2.84
2.85
2.86
2.87
2.88
2.89
Indicative List of Types/Models not Covered by the UNROCA Description
2.90
2.91
2.92
Combat Aircraft
2.93
[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle]
2.94
[Unmanned Aircraft System]
2.95
Fixed-Wing Aircraft
2.96
Variable-Geometry Wing
2.97
Guided Missiles
2.98
[Unguided] Rockets
2.99
Bombs [Guided and Unguided]
2.100
Guns
2.101
Cannons
2.102
Other Weapons of Destruction
2.103
Specialized Electronic Warfare
2.104
Suppression of Air Defence
2.105
Reconnaissance Missions
2.106
Primary Trainer Aircraft
2.107
Analysis
2.108
2.109
2.110
2.111
2.112
2.113
2.114
2.115
2.116
2.117
Indicative List of Types/Models not Covered by the UNROCA Description
2.118
2.119
2.120
Attack Helicopters
2.121
[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle]
2.122
[Unmanned Aircraft System]
2.123
Rotary-Wing Aircraft
2.124
Anti-Armour
2.125
Air-to-Surface
2.126
Air-to-Subsurface
2.127
Air-to-Air
2.128
Specialized Electronic Warfare
2.129
Reconnaissance Missions
2.130
Integrated Fire Control and Aiming System
2.131
Analysis
2.132
2.133
2.134
2.135
2.136
2.137
Indicative List of Types/Models not Covered by the UNROCA Description
2.138
2.139
Warships
2.140
[Surface] Vessels
2.141
Submarine
2.142
Equipped for Military Use
2.143
Standard Displacement
2.144
Analysis
2.145
2.146
2.147
2.148
2.149
2.150
Indicative List of Types/Models not Covered by the UNROCA Description
2.151
2.152
2.153
Missiles and Missile Launchers
2.154
Guided or Unguided Rockets
2.155
Ballistic Missiles
2.156
Cruise Missiles
2.157
Means Designed or Modified Specifically for Launching
2.158
Remotely Piloted
2.159
MANPADS (Man-Portable Air-Defence System)
2.160
2.161
Analysis
2.162
2.163
2.164
2.165
2.166
2.167
2.168
2.169
2.170
2.171
Indicative List of Types/Models not Covered by the UNROCA Description
2.172
2.173
2.174
2.175
Small Arms and Light Weapons
2.176
2.177
2.178
2.179
2.180
2.181
2.182
2.183
2.184
2.185
2.186
2.187
2.188
2.189
2.190
2.191
2.192
Small Arms
Revolvers and self-loading pistols.
2.193
2.194
2.195
2.196
Rifles and carbines.
2.197
2.198
2.199
2.200
2.201
2.202
Sub-machine guns.
2.203
2.204
Assault rifles.
2.205
2.206
2.207
Light machine guns.
2.208
2.209
Light Weapons
Heavy machine guns.
2.210
2.211
Hand-held
2.212
2.213
Under-barrel grenade launchers.
2.214
Mounted grenade launchers.
2.215
2.216
Portable anti-aircraft guns.
2.217
2.218
Portable anti-tank guns.
2.219
2.220
2.221
Recoilless rifles.
2.222
2.223
Portable launchers of anti-tank missile and rocket systems.
2.224
2.225
Portable launchers of anti-aircraft missile systems.
2.226
Mortars of a calibre less than 100 mm.
2.227
2.228
Classes of Weapons Excluded from the ITI Categories
2.229
2.230
Classes of Weapons Entirely Excluded from the ITI Definition
2.231
Paragraph 2
2.232
Export
2.233
2.234
2.235
Import
2.236
2.237
2.238
2.239
2.240
Transit
2.241
2.242
2.243
2.244
2.245
2.246
2.247
2.248
Trans-Shipment
2.249
2.250
2.251
2.252
Brokering
2.253
2.254
2.255
2.256
2.257
2.258
2.259
2.260
2.261
Paragraph 3
2.262
2.263
2.264
2.265
2.266
2.267
2.268
2.269
2.270
2.271
2.272
2.273
2.274
2.275
2.276
2.277
2.278
2.279
Art.3 Ammunition/Munitions
Preliminary Material
Overview
3.01
3.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
3.03
3.04
3.05
3.06
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
3.07
3.08
3.09
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
Commentary
3.14
Nature of Obligations under Article 3
3.15
3.16
Nature of Items Regulated under Article 3
Ammunition/Munitions
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.20
3.21
3.22
3.23
‘Fired, launched or delivered’
3.24
3.25
3.26
Fired
3.27
Launched
3.28
Delivered
3.29
3.30
Overview of Types of Munitions that are Fired, Launched, or Delivered
3.31
Battle tanks.
3.32
Armoured combat vehicles.
3.33
Large-calibre artillery systems.
3.34
Combat aircraft.
3.35
3.36
Attack helicopters.
3.37
3.38
Warships.
3.39
3.40
3.41
Missiles and missile launchers.
3.42
3.43
3.44
Small arms and light weapons.
3.45
3.46
Cartridge-based ammunition.
3.47
Non-cartridge-based ammunition.
3.48
Mortars.
3.49
Unguided ammunition.
3.50
Guided ammunition.
3.51
Small Arms
Calibre.
3.52
Revolvers and self-loading pistols.
3.53
Rifles and carbines.
3.54
Sub-machine guns.
3.55
Assault rifles.
3.56
Light machine gun.
3.57
Light Weapons
Heavy machine guns.
3.58
Cannon
3.59
Hand-held under-barrel and mounted grenade launchers.
3.60
Portable anti-aircraft guns.
3.61
Portable anti-tank guns.
3.62
Recoilless rifles.
3.63
Portable launchers of anti-tank missile and rocket systems.
3.64
Portable launchers of anti-aircraft missile systems.
3.65
Mortars of a calibre of less than 100 mm.
3.66
3.67
Art.4 Parts and Components
Preliminary Material
Overview
4.01
4.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
4.03
4.04
4.05
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
4.11
Commentary
4.12
Nature of the Obligation(s) under Article 4
4.13
4.14
‘A form that provides the capability to assemble the conventional arms’
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
Nature of the Items to be Regulated under Article 4
Parts and Components
4.19
4.20
4.21
4.22
4.23
4.24
4.25
Overview of Parts and Components for Conventional Arms
4.26
4.27
Art.5 General Implementation
Preliminary Material
Overview
5.01
5.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
5.03
5.04
5.05
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
5.06
5.07
5.08
5.09
5.10
5.11
5.12
Commentary
Paragraph 1
5.13
5.14
5.15
Paragraph 2
The National Control System
5.16
5.17
5.18
5.19
5.20
National Legislation
5.21
National Control List
5.22
5.23
Paragraph 3
Treaty Scope and National Definitions
5.24
5.25
5.26
Paragraph 4
5.27
‘Pursuant to its national laws’
5.28
5.29
Paragraph 5
Necessary Measures
5.30
5.31
5.32
Competent National Authorities
5.33
5.34
Transfers or Just Exports?
5.35
5.36
Paragraph 6
National Point(s) of Contact
5.37
5.38
5.39
Art.6 Prohibitions
Preliminary Material
Overview
6.01
6.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
6.03
6.04
6.05
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
Paragraph 1
6.06
6.07
6.08
Paragraph 2
6.09
6.10
Paragraph 3
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
6.17
6.18
6.19
6.20
6.21
6.22
6.23
Commentary
The Prohibition of Transfer
6.24
6.25
Paragraph 1
Measures Adopted by the UN Security Council under Chapter VII of the UN Charter
6.26
6.27
6.28
6.29
6.30
6.31
6.32
6.33
Types of Weapons Covered
6.34
6.35
6.36
Types of Transfer
Export and Import
6.37
6.38
Transit and Trans-Shipment
6.39
6.40
6.41
Exemptions from Arms Embargoes
6.42
Obligations on Non-UN-Member States
6.43
6.44
6.45
6.46
Paragraph 2
6.47
Disarmament Treaties
6.48
6.49
6.50
6.51
6.52
The Firearms Protocol
6.53
Arms Transfers to Armed Non-State Actors
6.54
6.55
A Prohibition under the UN Charter?
6.56
6.57
6.58
6.59
6.60
6.61
6.62
6.63
6.64
Aggression and Unlawful Use of Force by States
6.65
6.66
6.67
Treaties Prohibiting Corruption
6.68
6.69
6.70
6.71
Human Rights Treaties
6.72
6.73
6.74
6.75
6.76
6.77
6.78
6.79
Paragraph 3
6.80
Knowledge
6.81
6.82
6.83
6.84
6.85
6.86
6.87
6.88
6.89
6.90
6.91
6.92
6.93
Determining the Risk
6.94
6.95
6.96
6.97
6.98
6.99
‘In the commission of’
6.100
6.101
Genocide
6.102
6.103
6.104
6.105
6.106
6.107
6.108
6.109
6.110
6.111
Destruction of the Group in Whole or in Part
6.112
6.113
6.114
Killing
6.115
6.116
Causing Serious Bodily or Mental Harm
6.117
6.118
Deliberately Inflicting on the Group Conditions of Life Calculated to Bring about its Physical Destruction in Whole or in Part
6.119
Imposing Measures Intended to Prevent Births within the Group
6.120
Forcibly Transferring Children of the Group to Another Group
6.121
Crimes against Humanity
6.122
6.123
6.124
6.125
6.126
The Question of the Need for a Policy
6.127
6.128
6.129
6.130
Attack Directed against Any Civilian Population
6.131
6.132
6.133
6.134
6.135
6.136
6.137
Darfur
6.138
6.139
Libya
6.140
Syria
6.141
6.142
6.143
6.144
6.145
6.146
South Sudan
6.147
6.148
6.149
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
6.150
6.151
6.152
Grave Breaches of the 1949 Geneva Conventions
6.153
6.154
6.155
6.156
6.157
6.158
6.159
Attacks against Civilian Objects or Civilians Protected as Such
6.160
6.161
6.162
6.163
6.164
6.165
Other War Crimes as Defined by International Agreements to which it is a Party
6.166
6.167
6.168
6.169
Common Article 3
6.170
6.171
1977 Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions
6.172
6.173
6.174
The Protection of Cultural Property
6.175
6.176
6.177
Statute of the International Criminal Court
6.178
6.179
6.180
6.181
Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel
6.182
Conclusion on Article 6(3)
6.183
6.184
Art.7 Export and Export Assessment
Preliminary Material
Overview
7.01
7.02
7.03
7.04
7.05
7.06
Relationship to Other Provisions
7.07
7.08
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
7.09
7.10
7.11
7.12
7.13
7.14
7.15
7.16
7.17
7.18
7.19
7.20
7.21
Commentary
Paragraph 1
7.22
If the export is not prohibited under Article 6
7.23
Each Exporting State Party
7.24
Prior to Authorization
7.25
Pursuant to the National Control System of the Exporting State
7.26
An Objective and Non-Discriminatory Assessment
7.27
The Duty to Take into Account Relevant Factors in the Assessment
7.28
Information Provided by the Importing State
7.29
7.30
Assessing the Potential
7.31
Would Contribute to or Undermine Peace and Security
7.32
7.33
7.34
Could be Used to Commit or Facilitate
7.35
7.36
7.37
7.38
A Serious Violation of International Humanitarian Law
7.39
7.40
7.41
7.42
7.43
7.44
7.45
7.46
7.47
7.48
7.49
A Serious Violation of International Human Rights Law
7.50
7.51
7.52
7.53
7.54
7.55
7.56
7.57
7.58
7.59
7.60
7.61
7.62
7.63
7.64
7.65
7.66
7.67
7.68
7.69
Violations by Armed Non-State Actors
7.70
7.71
7.72
7.73
7.74
7.75
7.76
Conclusions
7.77
7.78
7.79
7.80
7.81
7.82
Commit or Facilitate an Act of Terrorism
7.83
7.84
Commit or Facilitate Transnational Organized Crime
7.85
7.86
7.87
Paragraph 2
7.88
7.89
Paragraph 3
7.90
7.91
7.92
7.93
7.94
7.95
Paragraph 4
7.96
7.97
7.98
7.99
Gender-Based Violence
7.100
7.101
7.102
7.103
7.104
7.105
7.106
7.107
The Definition of Violence
7.108
Violence against Women
7.109
7.110
7.111
7.112
7.113
7.114
7.115
7.116
7.117
Violence against Children
7.118
7.119
7.120
Paragraph 5
7.121
7.122
Paragraph 6
7.123
7.124
Paragraph 7
7.125
7.126
Art.8 Import
Preliminary Material
Overview
8.01
8.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
8.09
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
8.10
8.11
8.12
8.13
8.14
8.15
Paragraph 1
8.16
8.17
8.18
Paragraph 2
8.19
8.20
8.21
Paragraph 3
8.22
8.23
Commentary
Paragraph 1
Importing State Party
8.24
‘Shall take measures to ensure’
8.25
8.26
Appropriate and Relevant Information
8.27
8.28
8.29
8.30
Pursuant to National Laws
8.31
Exporting State Party
8.32
End Use or End User Documentation
8.33
8.34
End use/user certificate.
8.35
End use statement.
8.36
Import licence or permit.
8.37
Import certificate.
8.38
Delivery verification certificate (DVC).
8.39
8.40
8.41
Scope of Paragraph 1
8.42
8.43
8.44
Paragraph 2
Measures to Regulate Imports
8.45
Regulation ‘where necessary’
8.46
8.47
Imports of Conventional Arms under the Importing State’s Jurisdiction
8.48
8.49
8.50
8.51
8.52
8.53
Import Systems
8.54
Scope of Paragraph 2
8.55
Paragraph 3
Pending or Actual Export Authorizations
8.56
8.57
Country of Final Destination
8.58
Scope of Paragraph 3
8.59
8.60
8.61
Art.9 Transit or Trans-Shipment
Preliminary Material
Overview
9.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
9.07
The Inclusion of the Terms ‘Transit’ and ‘Trans-Shipment’
9.08
9.09
9.10
9.11
9.12
History of the Provision on Transit and Trans-Shipment
9.13
9.14
9.15
9.16
9.17
9.18
9.19
Commentary
9.20
Appropriate Measures
9.21
9.22
9.23
9.24
9.25
Regulate
9.26
Where necessary and feasible
9.27
9.28
9.29
The Meaning of Transit
9.30
9.31
9.32
9.33
9.34
The Meaning of Trans-Shipment
9.35
9.36
9.37
9.38
9.39
Under its jurisdiction
9.40
9.41
9.42
9.43
9.44
Territorial sea.
9.45
Contiguous zone.
9.46
EEZ.
9.47
9.48
9.49
9.50
9.51
9.52
9.53
In Accordance with Relevant International Law
9.54
9.55
Law of the Sea
9.56
9.57
9.58
9.59
9.60
9.61
9.62
9.63
When is passage not innocent?
9.64
9.65
9.66
9.67
9.68
9.69
9.70
9.71
9.72
International Aviation Law
Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation.
9.73
9.74
9.75
Other Relevant International Law
Convention on Transit Trade of Land-Locked States.
9.76
9.77
9.78
Convention concerning International Carriage by Rail.
9.79
International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods.
9.80
Art.10 Brokering
Preliminary Material
Overview
10.01
10.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
10.03
10.04
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
10.05
10.06
10.07
10.08
10.09
10.10
10.11
10.12
10.13
Commentary
The Meaning of Brokering
10.14
10.15
10.16
10.17
10.18
10.19
10.20
10.21
10.22
Shall Take Measures to Regulate
10.23
Registration.
10.24
Written authorization.
10.25
10.26
10.27
10.28
Pursuant to the State Party’s National Law
10.29
10.30
Under Its Jurisdiction
10.31
10.32
10.33
10.34
Conclusions
10.35
10.36
10.37
10.38
10.39
Art.11 Diversion
Preliminary Material
Overview
11.01
11.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
11.03
11.04
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
11.05
Paragraph 1
11.06
11.07
11.08
Paragraph 2
11.09
11.10
11.11
11.12
Paragraph 3
11.13
11.14
Paragraph 4
11.15
11.16
Paragraph 5
11.17
11.18
Paragraph 6
11.19
11.20
Commentary
The Meaning and Scope of Diversion
11.21
11.22
11.23
11.24
11.25
11.26
11.27
Paragraph 1
11.28
Involved in the Transfer
11.29
11.30
11.31
Measures to Prevent
11.32
11.33
11.34
11.35
11.36
11.37
11.38
11.39
11.40
11.41
11.42
Paragraph 2
11.43
11.44
11.45
11.46
11.47
11.48
11.49
11.50
11.51
11.52
11.53
Paragraph 3
11.54
11.55
‘Pursuant to their national laws’ and ‘where appropriate and feasible’
11.56
11.57
Paragraph 4
11.58
Transferred conventional arms
11.59
11.60
Appropriate Measures
11.61
11.62
11.63
Pursuant to its national laws
11.64
In Accordance with International Law
11.65
11.66
Paragraph 5
11.67
11.68
11.69
11.70
Paragraph 6
11.71
11.72
11.73
11.74
Conclusions
11.75
11.76
Art.12 Record-Keeping
Preliminary Material
Overview
12.01
12.02
12.03
Relationship to Other Articles
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
12.08
12.09
Paragraph 1
12.10
12.11
12.12
Paragraph 2
12.13
12.14
12.15
12.16
Paragraph 3
12.17
Paragraph 4
12.18
12.19
Commentary
Paragraph 1
Pursuant to its national laws and regulations
12.20
12.21
12.22
Export Authorizations or its Actual Exports
12.23
12.24
12.25
Scope of Paragraph 1
12.26
Paragraph 2
12.27
12.28
12.29
Import.
12.30
12.31
12.32
Transit.
12.33
12.34
Paragraph 3
12.35
Authorized International Transfers of Conventional Arms Covered under Article 2(1)
12.36
Conventional Arms Actually Transferred
12.37
Paragraph 4
12.38
12.39
12.40
Art.13 Reporting
Preliminary Material
Overview
13.01
13.02
Relationship to Other Articles
13.03
13.04
13.05
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
Paragraph 1
13.06
13.07
Paragraph 2
13.08
13.09
13.10
Paragraph 3
13.11
13.12
13.13
13.14
13.15
Commentary
Paragraph 1
13.16
13.17
13.18
13.19
13.20
13.21
13.22
13.23
13.24
13.25
13.26
13.27
Paragraph 2
13.28
13.29
13.30
13.31
13.32
Paragraph 3
Authorized or Actual Exports and Imports
13.33
Commercially Sensitive Information
13.34
13.35
13.36
National Security Information
13.37
13.38
13.39
Scope of Paragraph 3
13.40
13.41
13.42
13.43
13.44
13.45
13.46
13.47
13.48
Art.14 Enforcement
Preliminary Material
Overview
14.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
14.02
14.03
14.04
14.05
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
14.06
14.07
14.08
14.09
14.10
Commentary
14.11
14.12
14.13
14.14
Appropriate Measures
14.15
14.16
14.17
Enforcement Agencies and Bodies
14.18
14.19
Conclusions
14.20
Art.15 International Cooperation
Preliminary Material
Overview
15.01
15.02
15.03
15.04
15.05
Relationship to Other Provisions
15.06
15.07
15.08
15.09
15.10
15.11
15.12
15.13
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
15.14
15.15
15.16
15.17
15.18
Commentary
15.19
15.20
15.21
Paragraph 1
Obligation to Co-operate in Order to Effectively Implement the Treaty
15.22
15.23
Co-operation Consistent with States Parties’ Security Interests and National Laws
15.24
15.25
Paragraph 2
15.26
Nature of the Obligation
15.27
Exchange of Information
15.28
15.29
Matters of Mutual Interest on Treaty Implementation and Application
15.30
15.31
15.32
Paragraph 3
15.33
15.34
15.35
15.36
Paragraph 4
Scope of the Provision
15.37
15.38
15.39
15.40
‘Illicit activities’ and ‘diversion’
15.41
15.42
15.43
15.44
Paragraph 5
15.45
15.46
The Widest Measure of Assistance
15.47
Where Jointly Agreed
15.48
15.49
15.50
15.51
15.52
Mutual Legal Assistance in Relation to Violations of National Measures
15.53
15.54
15.55
15.56
Forms of Assistance
15.57
15.58
15.59
Paragraph 6
Scope of the Provision
15.60
15.61
15.62
15.63
15.64
Corrupt Practices
15.65
15.66
15.67
15.68
15.69
15.70
15.71
National Measures and Co-operation in Prevention of Corrupt Practices
15.72
15.73
15.74
15.75
Paragraph 7
15.76
15.77
Conclusions
15.78
15.79
Art.16 International Assistance
Preliminary Material
Overview
16.01
16.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
16.03
16.04
16.05
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
16.06
16.07
16.08
16.09
16.10
16.11
16.12
16.13
16.14
16.15
Commentary
Paragraph 1
Scope of Application
16.16
16.17
‘May seek assistance’
16.18
16.19
16.20
16.21
16.22
Obligation to Provide Assistance on States Parties in a Position to Do so
16.23
16.24
Generic Forms of Assistance
16.25
16.26
Legal or Legislative Assistance
16.27
16.28
16.29
Institutional Capacity-Building
16.30
16.31
16.32
16.33
Technical, Material, or Financial Assistance
16.34
16.35
Enumerated Activities
16.36
Stockpile Management
16.37
16.38
16.39
16.40
16.41
16.42
Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration Programmes
16.43
16.44
16.45
Model Legislation
16.46
16.47
16.48
Effective Practices for Implementation
16.49
16.50
Paragraph 2
Channels for the Provision of Assistance
16.51
16.52
16.53
16.54
16.55
16.56
16.57
16.58
The Role of the Secretariat
16.59
16.60
Other Channels for the Provision of Assistance
16.61
Paragraph 3
Establishment of a Trust Fund
16.62
16.63
16.64
Voluntary Contribution
16.65
Conclusions
16.66
16.67
Art.17 Conference of States Parties
Preliminary Material
Overview
17.01
17.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
17.03
17.04
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
17.05
17.06
17.07
17.08
17.09
17.10
17.11
Commentary
Paragraph 1
17.12
17.13
17.14
17.15
17.16
17.17
Paragraph 2
17.18
Paragraph 3
17.19
Paragraph 4
17.20
17.21
Paragraph 5
17.22
17.23
17.24
17.25
Art.18 Secretariat
Preliminary Material
Overview
18.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
18.02
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
18.03
18.04
Commentary
Paragraph 1
18.05
18.06
18.07
Paragraph 2
18.08
18.09
Paragraph 3
18.10
18.11
18.12
Art.19 Dispute Settlement
Preliminary Material
Overview
19.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
19.02
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
19.03
19.04
19.05
Commentary
Paragraph 1
19.06
19.07
19.08
19.09
Paragraph 2
19.10
Art.20 Amendments
Preliminary Material
Overview
20.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
20.02
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
20.03
20.04
Commentary
Paragraph 1
20.05
20.06
Paragraph 2
20.07
Paragraph 3
20.08
Paragraph 4
20.09
Art.21 Signature, Ratification, Acceptance, Approval, or Accession
Preliminary Material
Overview
21.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
21.02
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
21.03
Commentary
Paragraph 1
21.04
Paragraph 2
21.05
Paragraph 3
21.06
Paragraph 4
21.07
Art.22 Entry into Force
Preliminary Material
Overview
22.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
22.02
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
22.03
Commentary
Paragraph 1
22.04
Paragraph 2
22.05
22.06
Art.23 Provisional Application
Preliminary Material
Overview
23.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
23.02
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
23.03
23.04
23.05
23.06
Commentary
23.07
23.08
23.09
Art.24 Duration and Withdrawal
Preliminary Material
Overview
24.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
24.02
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
24.03
24.04
Commentary
Paragraph 1
24.05
Paragraph 2
24.06
24.07
Paragraph 3
24.08
Art.25 Reservations
Preliminary Material
Overview
25.01
Relationship to Other Provisions
25.02
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
25.03
25.04
Commentary
Paragraph 1
25.05
25.06
Paragraph 2
25.07
Art.26 Relationship with Other International Agreements
Preliminary Material
Overview
26.01
26.02
Relationship to Other Provisions
26.03
Preparatory Discussions and Negotiations
26.04
26.05
26.06
26.07
26.08
26.09
26.10
Commentary
Paragraph 1
26.11
26.12
Paragraph 2
26.13
26.14
26.15
Art.27 Depositary
Preliminary Material
Commentary
27.01
27.02
27.03
Art.28 Authentic Texts
Preliminary Material
Commentary
28.01
28.02
28.03
The Adoption of the Treaty
Preliminary Material
Commentary
29.01
Further Material
Bibliography
Index
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United Nations Resolutions
From:
The Arms Trade Treaty: A Commentary
Andrew Clapham, Stuart Casey-Maslen, Gilles Giacca, Sarah Parker
Content type:
Book content
Product:
Oxford Scholarly Authorities on International Law [OSAIL]
Series:
Oxford Commentaries on International Law
Published in print:
16 June 2016
ISBN:
9780198723523
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