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Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Procedural Law [MPEiPro]

Ottoman Mixed Commercial Courts

Zülâl Muslu

From: Oxford Public International Law (http://opil.ouplaw.com). (c) Oxford University Press, 2023. All Rights Reserved.date: 31 May 2023

Subject(s):
1815 to World War I — Colonization / Decolonization — Parties to the dispute (and jurisdiction) — Jurisdiction of states, extra-territorial

Published under the direction of Hélène Ruiz Fabri, with the support of the Department of International Law and Dispute Resolution, under the auspices of the Max Planck Institute Luxembourg for Procedural Law.

1 The question of jurisdiction over foreign litigants in Islamic and Asian countries has long been the object of close attention by Western states, which were reluctant to accept the jurisdiction of local courts over their nationals. Established to meet this very concern and based on the extraterritoriality principle, consular courts increasingly faced criticism in the nineteenth century as territorial sovereignty had become a rooted principle of modern international law. Since the mid-nineteenth century, the mixed commercial courts took over as a more defensible...
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