1 Māori—tangata whenua (people of the land)—had lived in Aotearoa (New Zealand) for many centuries prior to the arrival of Europeans (Anderson et al, 2014). In February 1840, after many decades of contact through trade and settlement and amidst increasing tensions, Māori and the British signed the Treaty of Cession between Great Britain and New Zealand (‘Treaty of Waitangi’ or ‘Treaty’) at Waitangi in the Bay of Islands. The Treaty of Waitangi recognized and protected Māori rights, and established the British right to govern the new colony. Despite its guarantees,...
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