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Oxford Law Citator
Contents
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Preliminary Material
Preface
Law Beyond the Law
Acknowledgements
Contents
List of Abbreviations
List of Contributors
Table of Cases
Permanent Court of International Justice
International Court of Justice
Contentious cases
Advisory Opinions
WTO Dispute Settlement System
WTO Appellate Body Reports
WTO Panel Reports
Arbitral Tribunals
Permanent Court of Arbitration
Iran-US Claims Tribunal
Eritrea–Ethiopia Claims Commission
ICSID
Other arbitral Tribunals
Court of Justice of the European Union
General Court
Court of Justice
European Commission of Human Rights
European Court of Human Rights
Inter-American Court of Human Rights
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia
National Courts
Main Text
Part I Conclusion of Treaties
1 Are Agreements between States and Non-State Entities Rooted in the International Legal Order?
1 The Text of the Agreements: Ceasefires as an Application of the International Prohibition on the Use of Force?
2 The Text of the Agreements: Principles of Governance as International Legal Obligations?
3 The Implementation of Peace Agreements: Are They Perceived as International Legal Instruments?
4 Conclusion
2 Article 18 of the 1969 Vienna Convention: A Vague and Ineffective Obligation or a Useful Means for Strengthening Legal Cooperation?
1 Introduction
2 An Overly Vague Obligation?
3 An Ineffective Obligation?
4 The Use of Article 18 in Cases before Domestic Judges
5 Conclusions
3 Reservations to Treaties: An Objection to a Reservation is Definitely not an Acceptance
1 Acceptance, Objection, and the Entry into Force of the Treaty
1.1 Acceptance of the reservation and constitution of the reserving state as a party
1.2 Objection to the reservation and entry into force of the treaty
2 Acceptance, Objection, and the Relations between the Reserving and the Objecting States
2.1 Acceptance of, and objection to, a permissible reservation
2.2 Acceptance of, and objection to, an impermissible reservation
4 Legal Consequences of an Impermissible Reservation to a Human Rights Treaty: Where Do We Stand?
1 Introduction
2 The Continued Relevance of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
2.1 Operation of the Vienna Convention framework
2.2 Beyond the Vienna Convention, without leaving it behind
3 The Work of the International Law Commission, 1996–2010
3.1 From the Second Report (1996) to the Tenth Report (2005)
3.1.1 The continued applicability of the Vienna Convention regime
3.1.2 A cautious step towards a new approach to normative treaties
3.2 ILC work on effects of reservations, Fourteenth Report (2009)
3.2.1 Valid and invalid reservations
3.2.2 The consequence of invalid reservations: nullity
3.3 ILC work on objections, Fifteenth Report (2010)
3.4 The Addendum to the Fifteenth Report of 26 May 2010
3.4.1 The nullity of an invalid reservation and the consequences thereof
3.4.2 Effects of the nullity of a reservation on the consent of its author to be bound
3.4.3 The presumption of the will of the author of the invalid reservation
4 The Advantages of a Presumption of Severability
5 Provisional Application of Treaties in International Law: The Energy Charter Treaty Awards
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Part II Interpretation of Treaties
6 The Rules on Interpretation: Misgivings, Misunderstandings, Miscarriage? The ‘Crucible’ Intended by the International Law Commission
1 Introduction
2 Misgivings on Rules on Interpretation
3 The Travaux Préparatoires of Articles 31 and 32
4 The Means of Interpretation in Articles 31 and 32—An Overview
1
2
3
4
5–7
8
9
5 The ‘Crucible’—How Are Articles 31 and 32 Intended to Be Applied?
6 Misunderstandings—Articles 31 and 32 in Practice and Their Alleged Textual Nature
7 Miscarriage? Articles 31 and 32 Qua Customary International Law and Qua Contractual Obligation
7.1 Basis of customary international law
7.2 Contractual basis
8 Conclusion
7 Evolutionary Interpretation of Treaties: Between Memory and Prophecy
1 Evolutionary Interpretation Supported by Memory
1.1
1.2
2 Evolutionary Interpretation towards Prophecy
2.1
2.2
8 Subsequent Practice as a Means of Interpretation in the Jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
9 Supplementary Means of Interpretation
1 Introduction
2 The General Rule of Interpretation and Supplementary Means
3 Conditions of Admissibility of Supplementary Means of Interpretation
4 The Preparatory Works of a Treaty
5 The Circumstances Surrounding the Conclusion of a Treaty
6 Other Supplementary Means of Interpretation
7 Conclusion
10 Treaty Interpretation by the WTO Appellate Body: The Conundrum of Article 17(6) of the WTO Antidumping Agreement
1 Introduction
2 The Article 17(6)(ii) Problem
3 The Background to Article 17(6)(ii)
4 The Reaction to Article 17(6)
5 Article 17.6 and the WTO Appellate Body
5.1 The initial approach of the Appellate Body
5.2 Clarification by the Appellate Body
6 The Failure of the Appellate Body's Interpretative Methodology
7 A Suggested Approach for the Interpretation of Article 17(6)(ii)
8 Conclusion
Part III Observance and Application of Treaties
11 Consistency among Treaty Obligations
1 Article 30 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
2 Article 103 of the UN Charter. Apart from the Charter, Are There Treaties which Prevail over Other Treaties?
3 Treaties Clauses of Compatibility or Subordination
12 Beyond the Vienna Convention: Conflicting Treaty Provisions
1
2
3
4
5
6
13 International Organizations as Third Parties under the Law of International Treaties
1 Introduction
2 The 1986 Vienna Convention
3 Different Axiomatic Premises
4 The Practice
5 Assessment
5.1 Secondary law
5.2 Treaties drawn up within an international organization
5.3 Human rights as limits of the authority of the United Nations
6 Concluding Observations
14 Treaties Establishing Objective Regimes
1 Introduction
2 The Effects of Treaties on Third States under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
3 The Relevance of Consent in the Conclusion of Treaties Establishing Objective Regimes
4 The Significance of Objective Regimes for the International Legal Order
15 The Law of Treaties and the UN Security Council: Some Reflections
1 Beyond the Vienna Convention
2 ‘Demonization’ of the Council
3 Obligations Set Forth in Treaties
4 Particular Aspects of Security Council Treaty Action
4.1 The Security Council's role in relation to the conclusion and entry into force of treaties
4.2 Breach or threatened breach of treaty as a threat to international peace and security, and the enforcement of treaty obligations as a measure to be taken by the Security Council
4.3 Article 103 of the Charter
5 Conclusion
16 The European Courts and the Law of Treaties: The Continuing Story
1 Introduction
2 The Trends in the Case Law
2.1 Why the Vienna Convention of 1969?
2.2 Resort to the Vienna Convention's Rules of Interpretation
2.2.1 The Vienna Convention of 1969 and international agreements concluded by the EU
2.2.2 The Vienna Convention of 1969 and the EU/EC Treaties
2.2.3 The Vienna Convention of 1969 and secondary EU law
2.3 The rule of good faith in treaty law
2.3.1 Good faith performance of treaties
2.3.2 Good faith between signature and ratification of an international agreement
2.4 Succession between treaties
3 Some Conclusions
17 Some Remarks on the Continuity of Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law Treaties
1
2
3
4
5
6
Part IV Invalidity and Termination of Treaties
18 Invalidity of Treaties: Anything New in/under the Vienna Conventions?
1 Grounds of Invalidity
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2 Procedure
2.1 Mechanism
2.2 Locus Standi
3 Effects
3.1 Ratione Personae
3.2 Ratione Materiae
3.3 Ratione Temporis
19 Coercion as a Ground Affecting the Validity of Peace Treaties
1 The Rule on Coercion Established by Article 52 of the Vienna Convention
2 Practice after 1969
3 The Case of the Armed Activities in the Territory of the Congo
4 The Role of the Security Council
5 Possibility for the Coerced State to Waive its Claim
6 Article 52 and the Protection of Collective Interests
20 Absolute Invalidity of Treaties and Their Non-Recognition by Third States
1 The 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Provisions Governing Absolute Invalidity and their Shortcomings
2 Possible Approaches Concerning the Position of Third States with Regard to Treaties Absolutely Invalid
3 Non-Recognition and Its Meanings
4 The Early Practice Concerning Non-Recognition of Treaties and Situations
5 The Later Practice
6 Towards an Obligation for Third States not to Recognize a Treaty as Absolutely Invalid
21 Desuetude and Obsolescence of Treaties
1 The Exclusion of Desuetude and Obsolescence from the Vienna Conventions
2 The Notion of Desuetude
3 Is Desuetude a Ground for the Termination of Treaties?
3.1 Continuing legal force of old treaties
3.2 The Yuille, Shortridge & Co. Arbitral Award
3.3 The Austrian Constitutional Court's judgment in the Land Sale to Alien Case (Amend v Land Tirol)
4 The Distinction between Desuetude and Obsolescence of Treaties
5 Conclusion
22 Invalidity and Termination of Treaties and Rules of Procedure
1 The Rules of the Vienna Convention
2 National Courts and the Ascertainment of Invalidity or Termination of Treaties
3 The Nature of the Problem at the International Level
4 The Solutions at the National Level
5 Treaties Conflicting with Jus Cogens or Concluded under Threat of Use of Force
6 Concluding Remarks
Part V Jus Cogens beyond the Vienna Convention
23 The Metamorphosis of Jus Cogens: From an Institution of Treaty Law to the Bedrock of the International Legal Order?
1 A Doctrine Becomes Law
2 Identifying the Norms of Jus Cogens
3 Widening the Scope of Application
3.1 A forgotten point in treaty law?
3.2 Unilateral legal acts
3.3 Custom
3.4 Responsibility
4 ‘Constitutionalizing’ International Law?
4.1 Jus Cogens as a higher order
4.2 Jus Cogens as source of constitutional principles
5 Dissidents
6 Conclusions
24 The Distinction between Jus Cogens and Obligations Erga Omnes
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
25 A Higher Law for Treaties?
1 Introductory Remarks: Jus Cogens across the Boundaries between the Law of Treaties and the Law of State Responsibility
2 Conceptualizing the Notion of Conflict under Articles 53 and 64: The Classical Forms of Conflict
3 Conflict by Divergence
4 The Ambiguity of the Notion: Divergence and Convergence
5 The Farthest End of the Spectrum: Occasional Collision
6 Jus Cogens and Rules on Sovereign Immunity
7 Concluding Remarks
Further Material
Index
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Table of Cases
Edited By: Enzo Cannizzaro
From:
The Law of Treaties Beyond the Vienna Convention
Edited By: Enzo Cannizzaro
Content type:
Book content
Product:
Oxford Scholarly Authorities on International Law [OSAIL]
Published in print:
17 February 2011
ISBN:
9780199588916
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